Answer one question from one section only. Section A: European option France, 1774-1814 Read the sources and then answer both parts of the question. Source A The castles which dominate our provinces and swallow up large estates, possess misused rights of hunting, fishing and cutting wood. These castles still conceal the proud gentlemen who impose their own taxes in addition to those of the monarch, and who oppress all too easily the poor downtrodden peasant. The rest of the nobility surround the throne to beg eternally for pensions and positions. They want everything for themselves – favours, employments and privileges. They will not allow the common people to have either promotion or reward, whatever their ability or their services to their country. From a book published in France in 1788. Source B [Figure X.X] (A cartoon published in France in 1789. The words on the stone read ‘Taille, Impôts and Corvées' which were all types of taxation.) Source C The Estates-General shall meet at three-yearly intervals. Public opinion appears to have recognised the necessity for voting by head to compensate for the disadvantages of distinction of orders. All men are equal in rights. Law exists only to guarantee to each individual the ownership of his property and the safety of his person. No citizen may be arrested or punished except by legal judgement. No citizen, not even a soldier, may be dismissed without a trial. No citizen may be arrested, nor his home entered, as a consequence of lettres de cachet*. The civil and religious liberty of each man, his independence of every other authority except that of the law, prohibits all enquiry into his opinions, speech, writings and actions, provided they do not disturb public order and do not harm the rights of others. Any special tax, whether personal or on real estate, such as the poll tax, military service, forced labour or the billeting of troops, shall be replaced by general taxes paid equally by citizens of all classes. Customs duty shall only be charged at the point of admission to the Kingdom, and barriers shall be withdrawn. From the Cahier of the Third Estate of Paris, 1789. *Lettres de cachet were arrest warrants, signed by the King, which allowed immediate imprisonment of the suspect without trial. Source D Votes shall be cast in the Estates-General by order and not by head. Deputies shall call for the Estates-General to be regularly recalled, every five years at the latest. The liberty of the citizen being the most precious of all possessions and most sacred of all rights, all arbitrary commands and all lettres de cachet issued by the sovereign or his ministers shall be declared illegal and their use forbidden forever. As an integral part of civil liberty, every kind of writing may be printed and published, on condition that the author, publisher or printer puts his name to it and answers personally for anything that may be said in them contrary to religion, morality and the honour of the citizens. Deputies of the order shall work together to their utmost to promote the support of religion, the respect due to divine worship, the very needful restoration of morality and of national education. While waiting for better times which may permit the abolition of the salt tax, the deputies shall ask for a reduction in the price of salt. From the Cahier of the Second Estate of Roussillon, 1789.