Mao created a lasting impact on China.

Mark scheme

Marking points from the official mark scheme (Oct/Nov 2020). The mark or mark type is shown in brackets.

1. [1-4] Level 1 One mark for each relevant point; additional mark for supporting detail
2. Artists and writers had to produce works which supported the revolution.
3. Western music was banned.
4. Traditional Chinese opera was replaced by specially written modern works.
5. There was strict censorship.
6. Traditional art forms and literature were banned.
7. [6] Level 4 Explains TWO reasons
8. [4-5] Level 3 Explains ONE reason
9. [2-3] Level 2 Identifies AND/OR describes reasons
10. [1] Level 1 General answer lacking specific contextual knowledge
11. e.g. 'In 1969, Mao had nominated his successor as Lin Piao. He was not willing to wait to take power and tried to seize power in 1971. He disappeared with several military leaders. This meant there was no clear successor from this point and so rivals competed for power.'
12. e.g. 'Mao's appointed successor attempted an early take over.'
13. 'Zhou Enlai died in the same year as Mao.'
14. 'Mao's widow tried to seize power.'
15. 'Deng was a veteran of the Long March.'
16. 'Hua was tainted by the Cultural Revolution.'
17. [10] Level 5 Explains with evaluation of 'how far'
18. [7-9] Level 4 Explanation of both sides
19. [4-6] Level 3 One-sided explanation OR one explanation of both sides 5-6 marks
20. [2-3] Level 2 Identifies AND/OR describes
21. [1] Level 1 General answer lacking specific contextual knowledge
22. e.g. 'In some ways China became more liberal. Thousands of political prisoners were released and it was no longer illegal to make comments which criticised the regime. The role of the secret police was reduced. Students could travel abroad.'
23. OR e.g. 'In many ways China did not become more liberal. Democratic reforms were denied and Deng was unwilling for there to be greater participation by the people in politics.'
24. e.g. 'Political prisoners were released.'
25. 'China was more open to trade with other countries.'
26. 'Some students could travel abroad.'
27. 'Democratic reforms were denied.'
28. 'Deng did not believe there was a role in politics for the people.'