The Nazis used different tactics to gain support.

Mark scheme

Marking points from the official mark scheme (Oct/Nov 2020). The mark or mark type is shown in brackets.

1. [1-4] Level 1 One mark for each relevant point; additional mark for supporting detail
2. These were lean years for the party/on the fringe of politics.
3. Stresemann's success meant the Nazis were considered a minor party.
4. The Nazis had a history of violence.
5. The Nazis were considered as an extreme party.
6. The Party was banned until 1927.
7. Hitler was in jail in 1924.
8. Membership increased from 3000 to 100 000.
9. Hitler was an excellent public speaker.
10. Mein Kampf outlined the Party's programme.
11. The Nazis changed some of their policies to gain popularity.
12. Many farmers began to support the party.
13. Goebbels was put in charge of propaganda.
14. The party put out a great deal of propaganda to gain support.
15. The party became more professional and activists were trained in public speaking.
16. The Party gained seats in Reichstag elections.
17. The organisation of the party was strengthened and there were activists in many towns.
18. The SA and SS were active.
19. The Hitler Youth was formed.
20. [6] Level 4 Explains TWO reasons
21. [4-5] Level 3 Explains ONE reason
22. [2-3] Level 2 Identifies AND/OR describes reasons
23. [1] Level 1 General answer lacking specific contextual knowledge
24. e.g. 'The Munich Putsch failed because Hitler overestimated the level of support he would have. He thought that General Ludendorff would persuade the army to support the putsch, and that leading members of the Bavarian state government would do the same. However, these things didn't happen. The army remained loyal to the Weimar government and the head of the Bavarian government called out armed police to break up Hitler's march through the streets of Munich.'
25. e.g. 'The army remained loyal to the Weimar government.'
26. 'Hitler had miscalculated the mood of the German people.'
27. 'The German people did not rise to support the putsch.'
28. 'Kahr, the head of the Bavarian government, went back on his word to support Hitler.'
29. 'Hitler's Nazi Party was still small.'
30. 'It failed because it was not well organised.'
31. [10] Level 5 Explains with evaluation of 'how far'
32. [7-9] Level 4 Explanation of both sides
33. [4-6] Level 3 One-sided explanation OR one explanation of both sides 5-6 marks
34. [2-3] Level 2 Identifies AND/OR describes
35. [1] Level 1 General answer lacking specific contextual knowledge
36. e.g. 'Germany was badly affected by The Wall Street Crash of 1929. Businesses went bankrupt and unemployment grew rapidly. Many Germans began to lose faith in democracy and turned to extremist parties. The Nazi Party offered 'Work and Bread'. They promised to solve the problem by providing employment for workers in the army, in the factories building Germany's armaments and on new public works projects such as road building. This gained them much support.'
37. OR e.g. 'The main reason the Nazis gained support was the modern and effective methods used by the Nazis in their campaigning. They used posters and pamphlets to get across the Nazi message and they had mobile units to organise speeches in different areas. The Nazi message was taken to all parts of Germany.'
38. e.g. 'The main reason was the Depression.'
39. 'The Nazis offered 'Work and Bread'.'
40. 'Powerful industrialists were worried that communists would nationalise their industries.'
41. 'The Communist Red Fighting League fought street battles with the police.'
42. 'Farmers were worried communists would take over their land.'
43. 'The Nazis provided the German people with a scapegoat for their problems.'
44. 'Nazi propaganda was important.'
45. 'It was Hitler's personality.'
46. 'It was Hitler's aims.'
47. 'Hitler promised to overturn the Treaty of Versailles.'
48. 'Hitler promised to deal with the communist threat.'
49. 'The political scene was unstable in the early 1930s.'