Study Sources A and B.

Mark scheme

Marking points from the official mark scheme (May/June 2023). The mark or mark type is shown in brackets.

1. [7] Level 5 Compares big messages of the two sources A's overall argument is that imperialism was mainly bad for Africa, B's overall argument is that it was mainly good. Must have support, otherwise Level 3.
2. [5-6] Level 4 Explains agreement AND disagreement of details or sub-messages.
3. [3-4] Level 3 Explains agreement OR disagreement of details or sub-messages.
4. [2] Level 2 Identifies information that is in one source but is not in the other OR states that the sources are about the same subject OR compares the provenance of the sources.
5. [1] Level 1 Writes about the sources but makes no valid comparison.
6. [0] Level 0 No evidence submitted or response does not address the question.
7. [1] Agreements include: Benefits from education and medicine.
8. [1] Agreements include: railways were built.
9. [1] Agreements include: education helped Africans.
10. [1] Agreements include: the British fought slavery.
11. [1] Agreements include: cash crops were introduced/led to famine.
12. [1] Agreements include: Africans left their villages.
13. [1] Disagreements include: A says British indirect rule failed to benefit African leaders, B says they did.
14. [1] Disagreements include: A says British rule/imperialism was harmful, in B it was beneficial.
15. [1] Disagreements include: In A infrastructure like roads benefited Europeans, in B it benefited Africans.
16. [1] Disagreements include: In A the boundaries created problems for new nations, in B they helped process of independence.
17. [1] Disagreements include: In A British disrupted traditional culture, in B they tolerated it.