Data can be sent over networks using either circuit switching or packet switching. Describe both methods of data transmission. Include a different advantage and disadvantage for each method. Circuit switching Advantage Disadvantage Packet switching Advantage Disadvantage

Mark scheme

Marking points from the official mark scheme (May/June 2022). The mark or mark type is shown in brackets.

1. [8] Circuit switching max four marks
2. Any two from
3. • a dedicated circuit
4. • circuit is established before transmission starts // circuit is released after transmission ends
5. • data is transferred using the whole bandwidth
6. • all data is transferred over the same route
7. Two from
8. • Advantage - data /frames arrive in order and do not need to be reassembled
9. • Disadvantage – nobody else can use the same circuit even if it is idle //less secure as only one route used
10. Packet switching max four marks
11. Any two from
12. • data is split into packets
13. • each packet is given its own route
14. • the routing for a packet depends on the congestion
15. • packets may not arrive in the order sent
16. Two from
17. • Advantage - packets can be rerouted if there are problems// more secure as harder to intercept messages
18. • Disadvantage - time taken to reassemble packets at the destination