A computer with a Von Neumann architecture has a central processing unit (CPU) that carries out the fetch-decode-execute (FDE) cycle.
- (a)Give the name of the first register that is used in the fetch part of the cycle.[1]
- (b)(i)Describe the role of the CU in the CPU.[3]
- (b)(ii)Give the name of the register that is part of the CU.[1]
- (c)(i)Tick (✔) one box to show the correct statement that describes the purpose of cache. A It stores important instructions. B It stores the next instruction to be processed. C It stores frequently used instructions. D It stores instructions so they are not lost when the power is turned off.[1]
- (c)(ii)Give one other example of primary storage. Identify the type of data your example would store. Primary storage Data[2]
- (d)The computer also has secondary storage. Write the name of the type of secondary storage for each description in the table. Each type of secondary storage may be used more than once. Type of secondary storage | Description --------------------------|------------ | It burns pits and lands onto a disk. | It uses control gates and flow gates. | It uses NAND or NOR technology. | The surface of each platter is divided into tracks and sectors. | It has a read/write arm that moves a laser across a disc. | It controls the flow of electrons using transistors.[6]
Mark scheme
Marking points from the official mark scheme (Oct/Nov 2025). The mark or mark type is shown in brackets.
- [1] Program counter // PC
- [3] Any three from:
- [3] It sends control signals to other components
- [3] using the control bus
- [3] to manage the flow of data through the CPU
- [3] It decodes an instruction
- [3] using an instruction set
- [1] Current instruction register // CIR
- [1] C
- [2] One mark for example of storage
- [2] One mark for example of what it will store
- [2] RAM
- [2] Data/programs/software/instructions that are currently in use
- [2] ROM
- [2] Startup instructions
- [2] BIOS
- [2] Bootstrap
- [2] Firmware
- [2] Virtual memory
- [2] Pages from RAM that are not immediately needed
- [2] Data/programs/software/instructions that are currently in use
- [6] One mark for each correct storage type
- [6] Optical
- [6] Solid-state
- [6] Solid-state
- [6] Magnetic
- [6] Optical
- [6] Solid-state
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