State the difference in the basicities of ammonia, NH3, propanamide, CH3CH2CONH2, and propylamine, CH3CH2CH2NH2. Explain your answer. weakest base < ................................................................ < ................................................................ < strongest base

1. (a)State the difference in the basicities of ammonia, NH3, propanamide, CH3CH2CONH2, and propylamine, CH3CH2CH2NH2. Explain your answer. weakest base < ................................................................ < ................................................................ < strongest base[4]
2. (b)Fig. 4.1 shows two different ways to synthesise propylamine. [Figure 4.1] Identify compounds K and L and reagent M from Fig. 4.1. K ....................................................................................................................................................................... L ....................................................................................................................................................................... M .......................................................................................................................................................................[3]
3. (c)Compound N is shown in Fig. 4.2. [Figure 4.2] Compound N is treated with an excess of concentrated HCl(aq). N undergoes complete hydrolysis to form three organic products. The products are isolated from the reaction mixture at pH4. Draw the structures of the three organic products at pH4. Assume that the CH3O— group does not react.[4]
4. (d)(i)Compound P can be synthesised from 1-methyl-4-nitrobenzene by the route shown in Fig. 4.3. [Figure 4.3] Step 1 is a reduction reaction. Complete the equation for this reaction. Use [H] to represent an atom of hydrogen from the reducing agent. C7H7NO2 + ......................................[1]
5. (d)(ii)Complete Table 4.1 to give details of each step of the synthesis shown in Fig. 4.3. Table 4.1 step reagents and conditions type of reaction 1 reduction 2 3 4 condensation[6]

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