Bismuth is an element in Group 15 of the Periodic Table.

1. (a)Bismuth has metallic bonding. Draw a labelled diagram to show the metallic bonding in bismuth.[1]
2. (b)(i)Bismuth reduces water to form bismuth oxide, Bi2O3. A colourless gas that ignites with a squeaky pop also forms. Construct an equation for the reduction of water by bismuth.[1]
3. (b)(ii)Bi2O3 is a yellow insoluble solid that melts at 1090K. The molten compound conducts electricity. Deduce the structure and bonding of Bi2O3. Explain your answer.[2]
4. (c)(i)Bi2O3 can be used to form NaBiO3, as shown in equation 1. equation 1 Na2O + Bi2O3 + O2 → 2NaBiO3 Deduce the oxidation number of Bi in Bi2O3 and in NaBiO3. oxidation number of Bi: in Bi2O3 in NaBiO3[1]
5. (c)(ii)Identify the reducing agent in equation 1.[1]
6. (d)(i)NaBiO3 is an oxidising agent with similar properties to KMnO4. Fig. 1.1 shows an example of the use of NaBiO3 as an oxidising agent. X [Figure 1.1] OH NaBiO3 Y O + H Z OH Explain the term oxidising agent.[1]
7. (d)(ii)Compound X forms when methylbut-2-ene reacts with KMnO4. State the essential conditions for this reaction.[1]
8. (d)(iii)Complete Table 1.1 to show what is observed when compounds Y and Z react separately with the named reagents. Table 1.1 reagent observation with Y observation with Z Na2CO3(aq) no reaction alkaline I2(aq) 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine (2,4-DNPH) Tollens' reagent[4]
9. (d)(iv)Construct an equation for the reaction of Z with NaBH4. Use [H] to represent an atom of hydrogen from the reducing agent.[1]
10. (e)NaBiO3 can be used to determine the concentration of Mn2+(aq). The ionic equation for the reaction is shown in equation 2. equation 2 2Mn2+ + 5BiO3¯ + 14H+ → 2MnO4¯ + 5Bi³+ + 7H2O A student uses the following procedure in an experiment. • Add 100.0 cm³ of a saturated solution of Mn2+(aq) to a volumetric flask. • Add distilled water to the flask to make a 1.00 dm³ diluted solution. • Titrate a 25.00 cm³ sample of the diluted solution with 0.100 moldm-3 NaBiO3(aq). The 25.00 cm³ sample of the diluted solution of Mn2+(aq) reacts completely with exactly 21.50 cm³ of 0.100 moldm¯³ NaBiO3(aq). Calculate the concentration, in moldm−3, of Mn2+(aq) in the saturated solution. Show your working. concentration of Mn2+(aq) in the saturated solution =[3]

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