A-LevelChemistryHydroxy compounds9701/41 · Oct/Nov 2024 · Q87 Marks
An aqueous solution of phenol, C6H5OH, is acidic at 298 K.
- (a)Explain why phenol is more acidic than water.[2]
- (b)(i)Name the two products formed when phenol reacts with an excess of Br2(aq). and[1]
- (b)(ii)Draw the structures of the two isomeric organic products, with M₁ = 139, that are formed when phenol reacts with HNO3(aq) at room temperature.[1]
- (b)(iii)Write the equation for the reaction between phenol, C6H5OH, and sodium metal.[1]
- (c)Phenol can be produced from phenylamine in a two-step synthesis. step one step two phenylamine intermediate compound phenol Describe the reagents and conditions needed in each step. step one: reagents conditions step two: reagents conditions[2]
Mark scheme
Marking points from the official mark scheme (Oct/Nov 2024). The mark or mark type is shown in brackets.
- [1] M1: p orbital / lone pair on the oxygen / O AND is delocalised into the ring / overlaps with delocalised ring
- [1] M2: O-H weakened (in phenol) OR anion / phenoxide ion / conjugate base is stabilised/more stable
- [1] 2,4,6-tribromophenol (name) AND hydrogen bromide / HBr
- [1] Structure of 2-nitrophenol AND structure of 4-nitrophenol
- [1] 2C6H5OH + 2Na → 2C6H5ONa + H2
- [1] Step one reagents: HNO2 (+ HCl) OR NaNO2 + HCl
- [1] Step one conditions: T ≤ 10 °C
- [1] Step two reagents: H2O
- [1] Step two conditions: warm / T > 10 °C
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