Qualitative Analysis Where reagents are selected for use in a test, the full name or correct formula of the element or compound must be given. At each stage of any test you are to record details of the following: • colour changes seen; • the formation of any precipitate and its solubility in an excess of the reagent added; • the formation of any gas and its identification by a suitable test. You should indicate clearly at what stage in a test a change occurs. If any solution is warmed, a boiling tube must be used. Rinse and reuse test-tubes and boiling tubes where possible. No additional tests for ions present should be attempted.

1. (a)(i)FA 4 is a sodium compound that was the impurity in the FA 1 and FA 3 that you used in Question 1. The anion in FA 4 is one of those listed in the Qualitative Analysis Notes. Carry out appropriate tests to allow you to positively identify the anion in FA 4. For the test that gives a positive result, record the test and the results of it. State the name of the anion in FA 4. anion in FA 4 = ..............................................................[2]
2. (a)(ii)Write the ionic equation for the reaction that you have used to identify the anion in FA 4. Include state symbols.[1]
3. (b)(i)FA 5 is a mixture that contains two cations and three anions from those listed in the Qualitative Analysis Notes. A sample of FA 5 was added to water and the water stirred. The mixture produced was filtered to give a solid residue, FA 6, and a filtrate, FA 7. Carry out the following tests on FA 6 and record your observations. (table for test and observations) test To a small spatula measure of FA 6 in a test-tube add dilute hydrochloric acid, then add aqueous ammonia. Place a small spatula measure of FA 6 in a hard-glass test-tube and heat gently.[4]
4. (b)(ii)Carry out the following tests on FA 7 and record your observations. (table for test and observations) test To a 1 cm depth of FA 7 in a test-tube add aqueous sodium hydroxide. To a 1 cm depth of FA 7 in a test-tube add aqueous ammonia. To a 1 cm depth of FA 7 in a test-tube add a few drops of aqueous silver nitrate. To a 1 cm depth of FA 7 in a test-tube add a few drops of aqueous barium nitrate or aqueous barium chloride, then add dilute nitric acid. To a 0.5 cm depth of FA 7 in a boiling tube add a 2cm depth of aqueous sodium hydroxide and warm, then add a small piece of aluminium foil.[5]
5. (b)(iii)From your observations, identify the two cations present in FA 5. cations .............................................................. and ..............................................................[1]
6. (b)(iv)From your observations, identify two anions present in FA 5.[1]
7. (b)(v)From your observations, identify two anions that could be present in FA 5.[1]