The passage in Fig. 10.1 is about biodiversity. Complete the passage by using the most appropriate scientific terms. Biodiversity within an area can be assessed at different levels, including the species diversity, genetic diversity and ecological diversity. Species diversity can be assessed by determining the number of different species and the relative ............................................ of different species in a given area. From this information, species diversity can be estimated using ............................................ index of diversity. Organisms of the same species can show much genetic diversity even though they share the same ............................................ . This is because they can have different combinations of ............................................ . The greater the genetic diversity, the greater the ability of a species to ............................................ to a changing environment. Ecological diversity is a measure of the number and range of different ecosystems and ............................................ within a given area. [Figure 10.1]

1. (a)The passage in Fig. 10.1 is about biodiversity. Complete the passage by using the most appropriate scientific terms. Biodiversity within an area can be assessed at different levels, including the species diversity, genetic diversity and ecological diversity. Species diversity can be assessed by determining the number of different species and the relative ............................................ of different species in a given area. From this information, species diversity can be estimated using ............................................ index of diversity. Organisms of the same species can show much genetic diversity even though they share the same ............................................ . This is because they can have different combinations of ............................................ . The greater the genetic diversity, the greater the ability of a species to ............................................ to a changing environment. Ecological diversity is a measure of the number and range of different ecosystems and ............................................ within a given area. [Figure 10.1][6]
2. (b)(i)The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List of Threatened Species is updated regularly. Table 10.1 shows the numbers of endangered animal species counted every three years between 2007 and 2019. Table 10.1 year | number of endangered species -----|----------------------------- 2007 | 7851 2010 | 9618 2013 | 11212 2016 | 12630 2019 | 14234 Calculate the rate of increase in the number of endangered species between 2007 and 2019. Show your working. Give your answer to the nearest whole number. rate of increase = .............................................................. per year[2]
3. (b)(ii)More species of fish were listed as endangered in 2019 than species of mammals. Suggest reasons why more fish species than mammal species are endangered.[4]

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