This question is about the causes and impacts of different natural hazards.

Mark scheme

Marking points from the official mark scheme. The mark or mark type is shown in brackets.

1. Question 27 (a) Marks will be awarded for describing one cause of a named tectonic natural hazard. One mark for the cause and one for the description. E.g. Earthquakes (1) are caused by the movement of tectonic plates at plate boundaries (1). (2)
2. Question 27 (b) Marks will be awarded for describing one social impact of a named climatic natural hazard. One mark for the impact and one for the description. E.g. Tropical storms (1) can cause loss of life (1). (2)
3. Question 27 (c) Award up to 4 marks for explaining two ways that a named country is vulnerable to natural hazards. (M1 for reason, A1 for explanation x 2). E.g. Japan is located on the Pacific Ring of Fire (M1) which means it experiences frequent earthquakes and tsunamis (A1). Bangladesh is a low-lying country (M1) which makes it vulnerable to flooding from storm surges and river floods (A1). (4)
4. Question 27 (d) Award up to 7 marks for an evaluation of two different management strategies used to reduce the impacts of natural hazards in a named developed country. A named developed country must be included for full marks. Each strategy should have a statement, a description and evaluation. Level 0: No rewardable content. Level 1: (1–3 marks) Limited description of one or two management strategies used to reduce the impacts of natural hazards. Little or no evaluation. May not be linked to a named developed country. Level 2: (4–5 marks) Description of one or two management strategies used to reduce the impacts of natural hazards. Limited evaluation of the strategies. May not be linked to a named developed country. Level 3: (6–7 marks) Detailed description of two management strategies used to reduce the impacts of natural hazards. Clear evaluation of both strategies. Clearly linked to a named developed country. (7)