Edexcel IGCSEGeographyGeneral Applications13 Marks

Figure 4 shows the total population of two countries, A and B, between 1950 and 2020.

(a)(i)State which country had the greatest population growth between 1950 and 2020.[1]
(a)(ii)Describe the pattern of population change in Country B between 1950 and 2020.[3]
(b)(i)State one positive impact of an ageing population.[1]
(b)(ii)Explain one impact of an ageing population on public services.[2]
(c)Evaluate two strategies that could be used to manage the challenges of an ageing population in a named country.[6]

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Mark scheme

Marking points from the official mark scheme. The mark or mark type is shown in brackets.

Question 24 (a)(i) Country A (1)
Question 24 (a)(ii) Marks will be awarded for describing the pattern of population change in Country B. One mark for each valid point. E.g. Country B’s population steadily increased from 1950-2020 (1) from 10 million to 30 million (1). The population has grown slower than Country A (1). (3)
Question 24 (b)(i) Any valid positive impact of an ageing population, e.g. increased volunteering/skilled workers/caring for grandchildren/economic contribution/reduced crime rates. (1)
Question 24 (b)(ii) Marks will be awarded for explaining an impact of an ageing population on public services. One mark for reason and one mark for explanation. E.g. Increased demand for healthcare services (1) leading to longer waiting lists for appointments/treatments (1). (2)
Question 24 (c) Award up to 6 marks for an evaluation of two strategies used to manage the challenges of an ageing population in a named country. A named country must be included for full marks. Each strategy should have a statement, a description and evaluation. Level 0: No rewardable content. Level 1: (1–2 marks) Limited description of one or two strategies used to manage challenges of an ageing population. Little or no evaluation. Level 2: (3–4 marks) Description of one or two strategies used to manage challenges of an ageing population. Limited evaluation of the strategies. May not be linked to a named country. Level 3: (5–6 marks) Detailed description of two strategies used to manage challenges of an ageing population. Clear evaluation of both strategies. Clearly linked to a named country. (6)