Edexcel IGCSEGeographyGeneral Applications13 Marks

Figure 3 shows the growth of urban populations in different parts of the world between 1950 and 2050.

(a)(i)Describe the general trend in urban population growth shown in Figure 3.[1]
(a)(ii)Compare the pattern of urban population growth in Asia and Europe between 1950 and 2050.[3]
(b)(i)State one social challenge associated with rapid urban growth.[1]
(b)(ii)Explain one way that rapid urban growth can lead to an increase in crime.[2]
(c)Evaluate two strategies used to manage the challenges of urban growth in a named city.[6]

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Mark scheme

Marking points from the official mark scheme. The mark or mark type is shown in brackets.

Question 23 (a)(i) The urban population has increased/grown in all regions/globally (1).
Question 23 (a)(ii) Marks will be awarded for comparing the pattern of urban population growth. One mark for a valid comparison and two marks for supporting detail or two marks for valid comparison and one for supporting detail. E.g. Asia has a much higher increase in urban population than Europe (1) with Asia increasing from around 250 million to 3 billion (1) whilst Europe only increased from 200 million to 550 million (1). (3)
Question 23 (b)(i) Any valid social challenge, e.g. overcrowding/lack of affordable housing/lack of sanitation/lack of education/lack of healthcare/poor quality of life/lack of employment/crime. (1)
Question 23 (b)(ii) Marks will be awarded for explaining why rapid urban growth can lead to an increase in crime. One mark for reason and one mark for explanation. E.g. High unemployment in cities (1) can lead to people resorting to crime to earn money (1). (2)
Question 23 (c) Award up to 6 marks for an evaluation of two strategies used to manage the challenges of urban growth in a named city. A named city must be included for full marks. Each strategy should have a statement, a description and evaluation. Level 0: No rewardable content. Level 1: (1–2 marks) Limited description of one or two strategies used to manage challenges of urban growth. Little or no evaluation. Level 2: (3–4 marks) Description of one or two strategies used to manage challenges of urban growth. Limited evaluation of the strategies. May not be linked to a named city. Level 3: (5–6 marks) Detailed description of two strategies used to manage challenges of urban growth. Clear evaluation of both strategies. Clearly linked to a named city. (6)