A child sits on a rotating horizontal platform in a playground. The child moves with a constant speed along a circular path, as illustrated in [Figure 4.1]. An observer is standing a long distance away from the child. During one particular revolution, the child, moving at a speed of 7.5 m s⁻¹, starts blowing a whistle at point P and stops blowing it at point Q on the circular path. The whistle emits sound of frequency 950 Hz. The speed of sound in air is 330 m s⁻¹.

1. (a)State what is meant by the Doppler effect.[2]
2. (b)(i)Determine the maximum frequency of the sound heard by the distant observer.[2]
3. (b)(ii)Describe the variation in the frequency of the sound heard by the distant observer.[2]

This question uses a diagram from the original paper, which isn't shown here. Open the full paper from the past papers archive to see it.