Choose any two of the following Hadiths, and: (i) كُلُّ سُلَامَى مِنَ النَّاسِ عَلَيْهِ صَدَقَةٌ كُلَّ يَوْمٍ تَطْلُعُ فِيهِ الشَّمْسُ : تَعْدِلُ بَيْنَ اثْنَيْنِ صَدَقَةٌ؛ وَتُعِيْنُ الرَّجُلَ فِي دَابَّتِهِ فَتَحْمِلُهُ عَلَيْهَا أَوْ تَرْفَعُ لَهُ عَلَيْهَا مَتَاعَهُ صَدَقة ؛ وَالكَلِمَة الطَّيِّبَة صَدَقَهُ؛ وَبِكُلِّ خَطْوَةٍ تَمْشِيهَا إلى الصَّلاةِ صَدَقة؛ وتميط الأذى عن الطريق صدقة. Every person's every joint must perform a charity every day the sun comes up: to act justly between two people is a charity; to help a man with his mount, lifting him onto it or hoisting up his belongings onto it is a charity; a good word is a charity; every step you take to prayers is a charity; and removing a harmful thing from the road is a charity. (ii) إِنَّ اللهَ لا يَنْظُرُ إِلى صُوركُم وَلا أَمْوَالِكُم، وَلكِنْ يَنْظُرُ إِلَى قُلُوبِكُمُ وَأَعْمَالِكُم. God does not look at your forms and your possessions, but he looks at your hearts and your deeds. (iii) الحَيَاءُ لَا يُأْتِي إِلَّا بِخَير. Modesty produces nothing but good. (iv) السَّاعِي عَلَى الْأَرْمَلَةِ وَالْمِسْكِينِ كَالْمُجَاهِدِ فِي سَبيل الله، أو القائمِ اللَّيْلَ الصَّائِمِ النَّهَارَ. One who manages the affairs of the widow and the poor man is like the one who exerts himself in the way of Allah, or the one who stands for prayer in the night or fasts in the day.

Mark scheme

Marking points from the official mark scheme (May/June 2019). The mark or mark type is shown in brackets.

1. [4] (a) (Candidate must choose two Hadiths. Points for each Hadith are given below. The total mark for part (a) is 4.)
2. (a)(i) In this Hadith the Prophet (pbuh) has given Muslims some examples of acts of charity which Muslims should try to practise in their everyday lives. This Hadith is teaching Muslims that it is not just the giving of money or material things that come under the umbrella of charity, but small acts of kindness come under this category as well and carry great reward. The important teaching of this Hadith is that every act done with the intention of pleasing God is considered a charity.
3. (a)(ii) In this Hadith the teaching given is that the connection between God and His servant is through righteousness (taqwa), so whoever has more taqwa is closer to God. Hence a true believer is never proud of his wealth, beauty or children etc. All good actions must be done out of sincerity and the motive behind these acts should be to seek the pleasure of God as on the Day of Judgment the intentions will be tested along with outward actions and rewarded.
4. (a)(iii) Modesty helps to create a morally pious and respectful society as by being modest, a believer does not seek to promote his/her position or rights but works towards the creation of a peaceful society. The Prophet (pbuh) makes it a condition of faith that one considers others in the same way as one considers oneself. Candidates can quote other Hadiths to develop their answer further.
5. (a)(iv) Attending to the needs of the vulnerable in society is the focus of this Hadith. Great emphasis is laid on the welfare of the community in Islam and this Hadith encourages the believers to fulfill the needs of all those individuals who would struggle without help. Widows and orphans are specifically mentioned, but the broader meaning of the Hadith can be seen to include all the vulnerable people in society, helping whom is comparable to be engaged in worshipping God.
6. [4] (b) (Candidate must choose two Hadiths. Points for each Hadith are given below. The total mark for part (b) is 4.)
7. (b)(i) Some examples of how the teachings of the Hadith can be put into action are given in the Hadith itself. Some other examples of its application in life could be as follows: Greeting others with a smile; Giving good advice to someone, perhaps even uniting two siblings or friends after an argument; Feeding a hungry person; Adopting a child or visiting an orphanage etc.
8. (b)(ii) A Muslim's action must be based on sincerity. Therefore, when giving charity the amount is not important but the intention behind it is i.e. when charity is given it should be to help the needy and not to gain a good reputation as a generous person. Candidates can with the help of examples say how Muslims must strive to do the best they can with the intention of pleasing God.
9. (b)(iii) Modesty can be practised today by taking the moderate/middle path. A Muslim's dress, mannerisms, attitude towards life must not be extravagant or ostentatious, but instead be simple and humble. By acknowledging God as the Master and the giver of all blessings, a Muslim can practice modesty as it is a trait of a humble person. Other examples of modesty can be given by candidates and should be credited where valid.
10. (b)(iv) The teachings of the Hadith can be put into practice by providing resources to the poor, by helping to establish social housing for the homeless, providing healthcare to those who do not have access to it, supporting widows and orphans so that no one is left behind and all get a fair chance in society. Examples from the life of the Prophet (pbuh) and his Companions could be given to develop the answer of how to practice this Hadith.