A number of isomers with the formula Cr(H2O)6Cl3 exist. Their general formula is [Cr(H2O)6-nCln]Cl3-n.nH2O. Each isomer contains a six co-ordinated Cr(III) ion in an octahedral complex. Water molecules not directly bonded with the Cr atom are held in the crystal lattice as water of crystallisation. The Cr-Cl bond is not easily broken and so chloride bonded with the Cr(III) ion in the complex does not react. 1.00g samples of three of the isomers, A, B and C, were dissolved in separate samples of water. An excess of AgNO3(aq) was added to each and the mass of AgCl(s) formed was measured. Ag+(aq) + Cl-(aq) → AgCl(s) The number of moles of AgCl(s) formed was calculated. The table shows the results. isomer moles of AgCl formed from 1.00 g of isomer A 3.75 x 10-3 B 7.50 x 10-3 C 1.13 x 10-2
- (a)(i)Calculate the Mr of Cr(H2O)6Cl3. Mr Cr(H2O)6Cl3 = ...[1]
- (a)(ii)Use the data in the table above to calculate the value of n for each of the isomers, A, B and C. Complete the table below with the values of n and the molecular formula of each isomer, in the style of the general formula given above. Show your working for at least one calculation of n. isomer n molecular formula A B C[2]
- (b)(i)Name the type of isomerism shown by Ni(R3P)2(CN)2.[1]
- (b)(ii)Draw structures of these two isomers. isomer 1 isomer 2[1]
- (b)(iii)State which isomer has a dipole moment. Explain your answer.[1]
This question uses a diagram from the original paper, which isn't shown here. Open the full paper from the past papers archive to see it.
Mark scheme
Marking points from the official mark scheme (May/June 2017). The mark or mark type is shown in brackets.
- [1] Mr = 52 + 6 × 18 + 3 x 35.5 = 266.5
- [2] 1.00g = 1 / 266.5 OR 3.75 × 10⁻³ moles (of complex in 1g) for A, n=2 AND [Cr(H2O)4Cl2]Cl.2H2O for B, n=1 AND [Cr(H2O)5Cl]Cl2.H2O for C, n=0; AND [Cr(H2O)6]Cl3
- [1] Geometric(al) / cis-trans
- [1] Structures for isomer 1 (trans) and isomer 2 (cis) are provided in the mark scheme.
- [1] isomer 2 AND dipoles do not cancel OR CN⁻ are on the same side of the molecule
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