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A-LevelChemistryChemical bonding9701/42 · May/June 2017 · Q46 Marks

A number of isomers with the formula Cr(H2O)6Cl3 exist. Their general formula is [Cr(H2O)6-nCln]Cl3-n.nH2O. Each isomer contains a six co-ordinated Cr(III) ion in an octahedral complex. Water molecules not directly bonded with the Cr atom are held in the crystal lattice as water of crystallisation. The Cr-Cl bond is not easily broken and so chloride bonded with the Cr(III) ion in the complex does not react. 1.00g samples of three of the isomers, A, B and C, were dissolved in separate samples of water. An excess of AgNO3(aq) was added to each and the mass of AgCl(s) formed was measured. Ag+(aq) + Cl-(aq) → AgCl(s) The number of moles of AgCl(s) formed was calculated. The table shows the results. isomer moles of AgCl formed from 1.00 g of isomer A 3.75 x 10-3 B 7.50 x 10-3 C 1.13 x 10-2

  1. (a)(i)Calculate the Mr of Cr(H2O)6Cl3. Mr Cr(H2O)6Cl3 = ...[1]
  2. (a)(ii)Use the data in the table above to calculate the value of n for each of the isomers, A, B and C. Complete the table below with the values of n and the molecular formula of each isomer, in the style of the general formula given above. Show your working for at least one calculation of n. isomer n molecular formula A B C[2]
  3. (b)(i)Name the type of isomerism shown by Ni(R3P)2(CN)2.[1]
  4. (b)(ii)Draw structures of these two isomers. isomer 1 isomer 2[1]
  5. (b)(iii)State which isomer has a dipole moment. Explain your answer.[1]

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Mark scheme

Marking points from the official mark scheme (May/June 2017). The mark or mark type is shown in brackets.

  1. [1] Mr = 52 + 6 × 18 + 3 x 35.5 = 266.5
  2. [2] 1.00g = 1 / 266.5 OR 3.75 × 10⁻³ moles (of complex in 1g) for A, n=2 AND [Cr(H2O)4Cl2]Cl.2H2O for B, n=1 AND [Cr(H2O)5Cl]Cl2.H2O for C, n=0; AND [Cr(H2O)6]Cl3
  3. [1] Geometric(al) / cis-trans
  4. [1] Structures for isomer 1 (trans) and isomer 2 (cis) are provided in the mark scheme.
  5. [1] isomer 2 AND dipoles do not cancel OR CN⁻ are on the same side of the molecule

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About this question

Topic
Chemical bonding, A-Level Chemistry (syllabus 9701). Structured question, 6 marks.
Source
A-Level Chemistry, May/June 2017 Paper 4 Variant 2, question 4.

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