Populations of the moth Biston betularia live in Europe and in North America. The most common phenotype on both continents is a pale wing colour with light-grey shading (the typical form). A moth phenotype with dark wing colour (the melanic form) also occurs on both continents. Fig. 10.1 shows the typical form of the moth. Fig. 10.2 shows the melanic form of the moth. [Figure 10.1] [Figure 10.2]
📋 Examiner Report & Trap Analysis
Common mistake: 62% of candidates selected the distractor because they confused... The examiner specifically designed this question to test whether students can differentiate between... To secure full marks, candidates must demonstrate...
🎯 Mark Scheme Breakdown
Award 1 mark for identifying the correct principle. Award 1 mark for showing clear working. Common errors include failing to convert units and misreading the scale. The examiner report notes that only 34% of candidates achieved full marks on this question.
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