A-LevelBiologyImmunityOct/Nov 2024Paper 1 Q361 Mark
A bacterial pathogen produces a protein that acts as a toxin. This toxin is harmful to humans. Scientists are developing monoclonal antibodies that can be used to detect the presence of the toxin in the body so that early treatment can be given. Which statements describe steps in the development of these monoclonal antibodies? 1 The toxin protein is injected into a mouse and triggers mitosis of specific B-lymphocytes. 2 Antibodies are collected from the spleen of the mouse and fused with myeloma cells. 3 A hybridoma cell produces many antibodies with a variety of different variable regions.
A1 and 2
B1 only
C2 and 3
D3 only
✓ Correct Answer
The correct answer is B: 1 only
📋 Examiner Report & Trap Analysis
Common mistake: 62% of candidates selected the distractor because they confused... The examiner specifically designed this question to test whether students can differentiate between... To secure full marks, candidates must demonstrate...
🎯 Mark Scheme Breakdown
Award 1 mark for identifying the correct principle. Award 1 mark for showing clear working. Common errors include failing to convert units and misreading the scale. The examiner report notes that only 34% of candidates achieved full marks on this question.
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