The aye-aye, Daubentonia madagascariensis, is a primate native to Madagascar. Aye-ayes are nocturnal (active at night) and make their nests high up in trees. They feed on insect larvae in the trunks of trees. Fig. 1.1 shows an aye-aye. [Figure 1.1] The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) is the world's largest global environmental organisation. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species™™ evaluates the conservation status of plant and animal species. The aye-aye is categorised as endangered on the IUCN Red List, which means that it faces a very high risk of becoming extinct in the wild.